1. Sharar shara

1) Dalili:

Ingancin albarkatun ƙasa ba shi da kyau;

Shigarwa mara kyau, daidaitawa da amfani da mutuƙar;

Mai aiki bai ciyar da tube daidai ba tare da sakawa ko bai ba da tabbacin cewa an ciyar da tube a cikin wani tazara ba;

Saboda amfani da mutuwa na dogon lokaci, rata tana canzawa ko sassan aiki da sassan jagora sun tsufa;

Saboda dogon lokaci na tasiri da rawar jiki bugun mold,sassan ɗaurin suna sako -sako, kuma an canza yanayin shigar da bugun bugun;

Rashin kula da mai aiki da rashin bin hanyoyin aiki.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Kayan albarkatun ƙasa dole ne su cika sharuɗɗan fasaha da aka tsara (duba cikakkun bayanai da maki na albarkatun ƙasa, da gudanar da binciken dakin gwaje -gwaje akan kayan aiki tare da madaidaicin girma da buƙatun ingancin ƙasa idan yanayi ya ba da izini.);

Duk hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizon da aka kayyade a cikin ƙa'idodin aiwatarwa yakamata a cika su kuma a kiyaye su sosai;

Madaba'una da mutu da sauran kayan aikin da ake amfani da su yakamata a basu tabbacin yin aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada;

An kafa tsarin bincike mai tsauri yayin aikin samarwa. Dole ne a bincika sassan hatimin farko, kuma ana iya samar da samarwa kawai bayan wucewar dubawa. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a ƙarfafa binciken don magance haɗarin cikin lokaci;

Yi riko da tsarin samar da wayewa, kamar canja wurin kayan aiki da fanko, dole ne suyi amfani da wuraren aiki da suka dace, in ba haka ba za a murƙushe farfajiyar aikin da ƙyalli kuma za a shafi ingancin kayan aikin;

Yayin aiwatar da hatimin, ya zama dole a tabbatar cewa ramin murfin yana da tsabta, kuma dole ne a sanya kayan aikin da aka tsara da kyau waɗanda dole ne a tsara su a wuraren aiki da kyau.

2. Burr sassan blanking

1) Dalili:

Tazarar da ke rufewa ta yi yawa, ta yi ƙanƙanta ko rashin daidaituwa;

Yankan sashin aikin mutuƙar ya zama mara daɗi;

Layin tsakiyar bugun da mutuƙar yana canzawa saboda rawar jiki da tasiri na dogon lokaci, kuma gatura ba su daidaita ba, wanda ke haifar da burrs mai gefe ɗaya.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Tabbatar da daidaitaccen aiki da ingancin taro na kyawu na maza da na mata, tabbatar da daidaiton ƙirar maza kuma ɗaukar matsin lamba, kuma gaba ɗaya mutu dole ne ya sami isasshen ƙarfi;

Lokacin shigar da naúrar, ya zama dole don tabbatar da madaidaicin rata tsakanin bugun da murƙushe mai ƙwanƙwasawa da sanya faranti da kwandon kwandon da tabbaci a kan farantin gyaran kwandon, da ƙarshen fuskokin manyan kyawu da ƙyalli da aikin. farfajiyar latsa dole ne ya zama daidai da juna;

Ana buƙatar tsaurin matsin lamba ya zama mai kyau, naƙasasshe na roba ƙarami ne, daidaiton waƙa da daidaiton farantin goyan baya da darjewa ana buƙatar su yi girma;

Ana buƙatar 'yan jaridu su sami isasshen ƙarfi na bugi;

Tsayin haruffan da aka ba da izini akan sashin yanki na yanki na blank

Kaurin takardar bugawa> 0.3> 0.3-0.5> 0.5-1.0> 1.0-1.5> 1.5-2.0

Tsayin Burr na sabon ƙirar gwaji≤0.015≤0.02≤0.03≤0.04≤0.05

An ba da izinin tsinken glitch yayin samarwa≤0.05≤0.08≤0.10≤0.13≤0.15

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3. Warping nakasawa na blanking sassa

1) Dalili:

Akwai rundunonin ba da izini da sojojin mayar da martani waɗanda ba sa samar da lokaci akan layi ɗaya. (Lokacin da rata tsakanin raƙuman ruwa da kwarkwata ya yi yawa kuma ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙolin yana da taper mai jujjuyawa, ko yankin tuntuɓar tsakanin mai fitar da kayan aiki da ƙarami, warping zai faru).

2) Matakan Mataki:

Dole ne a zaɓi rata mai fa'ida cikin ma'ana;

A cikin tsarin ƙirar, farantin matsin lamba (ko farantin tallafi) yakamata ya kasance yana hulɗa da farfajiyar farantin matsa lamba kuma yana da wani matsin lamba;

Duba iyakar abin da ya mutu, idan akwai taper ɗin baya, dole ne a datse maƙarar ta mutu da kyau;

Idan siffar ɓangaren ɓoyayyiyar yana da rikitarwa kuma ƙarfin saƙar ba ya daidaita yayin da ramin ciki ya yi yawa, ana ƙara ƙarfin matsi, kuma ana danna tsiri kafin a rufe ko kuma ana amfani da babban madaidaicin latsa don buɗewa;

Ya kamata a daidaita farantin kafin a buga. Idan har yanzu ba za a iya kawar da gurɓataccen ɓarna ba, za a iya sake daidaita ma'aunin aikin bayan naushi;

A kai a kai cire kayan da aka sata a cikin ramin kwandon shara, sa mai a saman faranti na bakin ciki, kuma a sami ramukan mai da gas a cikintsarin mold.

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4. Lokacin da naushi, daidaiton gefen waje da ramin ciki na ɓangaren da aka huɗa yana raguwa kuma girman yana canzawa

1) Dalili:

Gano fil, dakatar fil, da dai sauransu sun canza ko sawa da yawa;

Sakaci da rashin kulawa na mai aiki a cikin kayan abinci yana juyawa hagu da dama baya da gaba;

Daidaitaccen girma na tsiri yayi ƙasa. Ya yi kunkuntar kuma ya yi yawa don ciyar da kayan, yana da wahalar isar da shi zuwa wurin da aka tanada. Tsiri zai canza baya da gaba a cikin farantin jagora, kuma rami na ciki na ciki zai sami babban karkacewa daga gaba da matsayin sifa.

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5. Lokacin da ɓangaren ya lanƙwasa, girman da siffa ba su cancanta ba

1) Dalili:

Sake dawo da kayan yana sa samfurin bai cancanta ba;

Mai sakawa ya tsufa kuma ya lalace, wanda hakan ke sanya saka tsiri ba daidai ba kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa da sabon mai sakawa;

A cikin lanƙwasa lanƙwasa mara jagora, lokacin daidaitawa a kan latsa, daidaita rashin daidaituwa na matattarar tsakiyar cibiyar matattarar faifan latsa kuma zai sa siffa da girman ɓangaren lanƙwasa su zama marasa cancanta;

Na'urar dannawa na ƙirar ta gaza ko ba ta aiki kwata -kwata. Dole ne a sake daidaita matsin lamba ko kuma a maye gurbin matsi don yin aiki yadda yakamata.

2) Matakan rage sake dawowa:

Zaɓi kayan stamping tare da babban modulus na roba da ƙaramin wurin samar da amfanin gona da tsayayyen kayan aikin injiniya;

Ƙara tsarin gyara, da amfani da lanƙwasa gyara maimakon lanƙwasa kyauta;

Ya kamata a gyara kayan kafin a lanƙwasa, don abin da aka taurara mai taurin aiki ya yi taushi kafin a lanƙwasa cikin siffa;

Idan nakasa siffar ta auku yayin aikin hatimin kuma yana da wuyar kawar da shi; dole ne a maye gurbin karkata na naushi da na mutuwa, kuma rata tsakanin bugun da mutuƙar ya zama daidai da mafi ƙarancin kauri.

Ƙara wurin tuntuɓar tsakanin ƙirar concave da kayan aikin, kuma rage yankin tuntuɓar tsakanin ƙirar ƙira da kayan aikin;

Yi amfani da hanyoyin “gyarawa” don rage tasirin sake dawowa

6. Fashewa na faruwa a ɓangaren lanƙwasa na ɓangaren lanƙwasa

1) Matakan Mataki:

Cire burrs a waje na yanki mai lankwasawa, wanda zai haifar da matsin lamba a yankin da rage yawan gurɓataccen lanƙwasa; cire burrs a wannan yanki;

Ana sanya gefen tare da burrs a gefen ciki na yanki mai lankwasa;

Lokacin lanƙwasa kayan aikin, yana da kyau a yi lanƙwasa lanƙwasa da shugabanci na kayan (madaidaicin juyawa) a tsaye;

Radiyon lanƙwasa bai kamata ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai ba, kuma yakamata a ƙara girman fillet ɗin gwargwadon iko idan ingancin ya ba da izini;

A farfajiya mai lankwasa ya kamata ya zama santsi, ba tare da bayyanannun ɓarna da tabo ba;

An karɓi tsarin ƙonawa na tsaka -tsaki yayin lanƙwasa don kawar da damuwar ciki, kuma lanƙwasa lanƙwasa ba sa haifar da fasa;

Lokacin lanƙwasa, dole ne a rufe manyan sassan lanƙwasa da man shafawa don rage gogayya yayin lanƙwasa.

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7. Karɓar ɓangaren lanƙwasa yayin aikin lanƙwasa

1) Dalili:

Lokacin da blank nunin faifai tare da saman mutu a lokacin lanƙwasa tsari, zai fuskanci frictional juriya. Idan juriya na gogewa a ɓangarorin biyu na faɗin babba ne, blank ɗin zai canza zuwa gefe tare da babban juriya.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Ƙungiyoyin masu lanƙwasa masu siffofi na asymmetrical an ƙirƙira su ta hanyar lanƙwasa madaidaiciya (an yanke sassan lanƙwasa mai gefe ɗaya daidai bayan an lanƙwasa sassa biyu).

Ƙara na'ura mai latsawa na roba zuwa mutuƙar lanƙwasa don a iya latsa mabuɗin don hana motsi yayin lanƙwasa;

Yi amfani da rami na ciki da siffar matsayin sanyawa don sanya matsayi daidai.

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8. Tsagewar farfajiya akan sassa masu lanƙwasa

1) Dalilai da matakai:

Lokacin yin ayyukan lanƙwasa na ci gaba akan abubuwa masu taushi kamar jan ƙarfe da aluminium, barbashi na ƙarfe ko ɓarna suna da sauƙin bi a saman ɓangaren aikin, yana haifar da ƙyalli mafi girma a ɓangaren. A wannan lokacin, yakamata a bincika siffa da mai mai na sashi na aiki. A cikin irin wannan yanayi, yana da kyau kada a sami barbashi da tsinke a kan komai, har ma da tarkace;

Lokacin da karkatar da shugabanci yayi daidai da jujjuyawar kayan, fasa zai fashe akan farfajiyar aikin, wanda zai rage ingancin kayan aikin. Lokacin lanƙwasawa a wurare biyu ko fiye, tabbatar da cewa karkatar da shugabanci yana da wani kusurwa tare da jujjuyawar hanya gwargwadon iko;

Lokacin da ake amfani da murfin burr azaman farfajiyar waje don lanƙwasawa, kayan aikin yana da haɗari ga fasa da ƙyalli; saboda haka, yakamata a yi amfani da farfajiyar azaman murfin ciki mai lanƙwasa yayin lanƙwasa;

Rediyon kusurwar murƙushe mai ƙanƙara ya yi ƙanƙanta, kuma alamun tasiri suna bayyana akan ɓangaren mai lankwasa. Goge kwandon concave kuma ƙara radius na kusurwar ƙirar mai lanƙwasa don gujewa ƙyalli akan ɓangarorin da aka lanƙwasa;

Tazarar da ke tsakanin kwarkwata da kwarkwata ba za ta yi ƙanƙanta ba. Ƙaramin tazara zai haifar da raɗaɗi da karcewa. A cikin tsarin hatimin, koyaushe duba canjin ratawar ƙirar;

Lokacin da zurfin bugun da ke cikin kwandon ɗin ya yi yawa, za a datse saman ɓangaren. Sabili da haka, yayin tabbatar da cewa ruwan bazara bai shafe shi ba, zurfin bugun a cikin kwandon kwanon yakamata a rage shi yadda yakamata;

Domin sanya sassan su cika buƙatun daidaito, ana amfani da lanƙwasa mai lanƙwasa wanda ke danna kayan a ƙasa. Lokacin lanƙwasawa, bazara akan farantin latsa, ramin fil ɗin sakawa, pallet da rami mai dawowa duk za a matsa su cikin abubuwan shiga, don haka yakamata a yi gyara. .

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9. Matsayin ramin rami yana canzawa yayin lanƙwasa

1) Dalili:

Matsayi da girman ramin ba daidai ba ne, (lankwasawa da tashin hankali ya zama na bakin ciki);

Ramin ba mai da hankali ba ne (tsayin lanƙwasa bai isa ba, ramin ya zame, maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ta dawo, kuma akwai rashin daidaituwa akan jirgin mai lanƙwasa);

Layin lanƙwasa da layin tsakiyar ramukan biyu ba a layi ɗaya suke ba, kuma ɓangaren da lanƙwasawar ƙasa ke ƙasa da ƙaramin lanƙwasa yana nuna siffar buɗewa ta waje bayan lanƙwasa;

Ramukan da ke kusa da layin lanƙwasa suna da saurin lalacewa.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Matsayi da girman ramin ba a sarrafa shi sosai don radiyo mai lanƙwasa, lanƙwasa lanƙwasa da kaurin abu; an datse Layer na tsaka -tsakin kayan kuma zurfin bugun cikin kwandon concave da ƙyalli da ƙyalli suna daidaita daidai;

Matakan dalilai daban -daban na rashin jituwa;

Tabbatar cewa matakan lanƙwasa na hagu da dama daidai ne;

Gyara fil da aka saka da faranti;

Rage bazara don tabbatar da daidaituwa da daidaiton saman lanƙwasa biyu;

Canja hanyar aiwatarwa, lanƙwasa farko da gyara kafin naushi.

Yana nuna matakan kariya don buɗe siffar bakin

Lokacin lanƙwasa, tabbatar da ƙaramin lanƙwasa H (H≥R+2tt kauri kayan R R lanƙwasa radius);

Canja siffar sassan da aka sarrafa, kuma cire sashin ƙasa da mafi ƙanƙantar lanƙwasa ba tare da ya shafi amfani ba.

Ramukan da ke kusa da layin lanƙwasa suna fuskantar matakan nakasa

Lokacin zayyana sassan lanƙwasa, tabbatar da cewa nisa X daga ɓangaren lanƙwasa zuwa gefen rami ya fi wani ƙima na X≥(1.5—2.0) tt kaurin takardar lanƙwasa;

Zayyana rami mai taimako a ɓangaren lanƙwasa don shafan karkacewar lanƙwasa na iya hana lalacewar ramin kusa da layin lanƙwasa. Gabaɗaya, an karɓi maganin lanƙwasa na farko sannan kuma naushi.

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10. Bayan sashin ya lanƙwasa, ɓangaren lanƙwasa yana da sirara a bayyane

1) Matakan Mataki:

Radiyon lanƙwasa ya yi ƙanƙanta dangane da kaurin farantin (r/t> lanƙwasa kusurwar dama 3). Gabaɗaya, radius mai lanƙwasa yana ƙaruwa;

Lanƙwasa-kusurwa mai yawa yana sa ɓangaren lanƙwasa ya zama mai kauri da girma. Domin rage maƙarƙashiya, yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da hanyar lanƙwasa-da-dama iri-iri;

Lokacin da ake amfani da naushi mai kusurwa mai kaifi, naushi yana shiga cikin ƙwanƙolin ƙwanƙwasa sosai, wanda ke rage kaurin ɓangaren lanƙwasa sosai.

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11. Flange na ɓangaren da aka zana yana murɗaɗa yayin aikin zane

1) Dalili:

Ƙarfin mariƙin mara nauyi a flange ya yi ƙanƙanta don tsayayya da matsanancin matsin lamba; yana haifar da naƙasasshe na tangential, wanda ke haifar da murƙushewa bayan rasa kwanciyar hankali. Ƙananan kayan sun fi sauƙi don samar da wrinkles.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Ƙara ƙarfin mariƙin fanko na abin da ba shi da fa'ida kuma yadda ya dace ƙara kaurin kayan.

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12. Dalili da rigakafin bangon sashin zane yana tsagewa

1) Dalili:

Ƙarfin ƙarfin radial wanda kayan ke ɗauka yayin zane mai zurfi ya yi yawa;

Rediyon kusurwar murƙushe mai ƙanƙara ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai;

Zane mai zurfi da lubrication mara kyau;

Kayan albarkatun ƙasa yana da ƙarancin filastik.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Rage ƙarfin mariƙin fanko;

Ƙara radial fillet na mutu;

Yi amfani da man shafawa daidai;

Zaɓi kayan tare da mafi inganci ko haɓaka tsarin ƙonawa tsakanin bita.

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13. Kasan zane mai zurfi ya tsage

1) Dalili:

Rudun fillet na mutuƙar ƙarami ne, wanda ke sa kayan cikin yanayin yankewa.

2) Matakan Mataki:

(Yawancin lokaci yana faruwa a matakin farko na zane mai zurfi) ƙara radial fillet na mutu, kuma sanya shi santsi kuma ƙyallen saman ya zama ƙarami, gaba ɗaya Ra <0.2µm.

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14. Gefen ɓangaren da aka zana ba daidai ba ne kuma a dunkule

1) Dalili:

Baki da tsakiyar maƙala da ƙanƙara da mutuƙar ba su daidaita ko kaurin kayan ba daidai ba ne, kuma kusurwar kusurwar mutuwa da tazara tsakanin maƙaƙƙiya da mutuƙar ba ta da ɗa. Ana jawo zoben da ba a rufe kayan ba a cikin mutu don samar da ninki na gefen bayan ba a matse shi a cikin ƙanƙara ba.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Maimaita mutuƙar, gyara radius ɗin kusurwar mutuƙar da rata tsakanin maƙaƙƙarfan da raƙuman ruwa don yin daidaiton girman kafin sanya shi cikin samarwa (rage radius ɗin kusurwa na mutu ko amfani da na'urar riƙe da madaidaiciyar baka na iya kawar da wrinkles ).

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15. wan ƙulle -ƙulle a lokacin da aka zana kaset ko sassan jikinsa

1) Dalili:

A farkon zane mai zurfi, yawancin kayan suna cikin yanayin dakatarwa. Bugu da ƙari, ƙarfin mariƙin mara ƙarfi ya yi ƙanƙanta, radius ɗin kusurwar mutuƙar ya yi yawa, ko ana amfani da mai mai yawa. Yin ƙaramin ƙarfin radial ƙaramin ƙarfi yana sa kayan su rasa kwanciyar hankali da dunƙulewa a ƙarƙashin aikin matsi na matsi mai ƙarfi.

2) Matakan Mataki:

Ƙara ƙarfin mariƙin mara ƙarfi ko ɗaukar tsarin haƙarƙarin mirgina, rage radius na fillet ɗin mutu ko ƙara kaurin kayan kaɗan.

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16. Dalilai da matakan kariya na zana alamomi a farfajiyar sassan da aka zana masu zurfi

1) Dalilai da matakai:

Akwai alamomin murƙushewa mai kaifi akan farfajiyar kwandon kwanon ko ƙwanƙwasamold, wanda ke haifar da alamomin ja daidai akan farfajiyar aikin. A wannan lokacin, murƙushe murfin yakamata ya zama ƙasa ko gogewa;

Tazarar da ke tsakanin kwarkwata da kwarkwata mai ƙanƙanta ta yi ƙanƙanta ko rashin daidaituwa, ta yadda za a datse saman kayan aikin lokacin da yake da zurfi. A wannan lokacin, yakamata a datse tazarar da ke tsakanin ƙugiyoyi da ƙwarƙwarai har sai ta dace;

Fushin da aka zagaye na mutuƙar yana da kauri, kuma farfajiyar kayan aikin yana tsinke yayin zane mai zurfi. A wannan lokacin, radius mai zagaye na mutuƙar yakamata a goge;

Lokacin yin hatimi, farfajiyar aikin mutu'a ko farfajiyar kayan ba ta da tsabta kuma saman kayan aikin yana gauraye da ƙazanta, don haka dole ne a kiyaye farfajiyar aikin yayin tsaftacewa, kuma dole ne a goge sarari kafin zane ;

Lokacin da maƙarƙashiyar maƙarƙashiya da ƙanƙara ta mutu yayi ƙasa, ɓarnar ƙarfe da aka haɗa akan farfajiyar shima zai haifar da alamun zane a saman zane mai zurfi. Don haka, baya ga ƙara taurin daɗaɗɗen murƙushewa da murɗaɗɗen murfin, duba saman maƙallan kuma ku mutu daga lokaci zuwa lokaci koda kuwa an cire Scrap karfe a ƙasa;

Rashin ƙima na man shafawa zai kuma ƙara kaurin farfajiyar kayan aikin da aka zana. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a yi amfani da man shafawa wanda ya dace da tsarin zane mai zurfi, kuma a tace mai kafin a yi amfani da shi idan ya cancanta. Don hana ƙazanta daga gauraya da lalata saman aikin.

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17. Sashin madaidaicin bango na ɓangaren zane mai zurfi ba lebur ba ne

1) Dalilai da matakai:

Babu ramin samun iska da aka ƙera kuma aka ƙera shi a kan naushi, ta yadda saman ya lalace ta hanyar matsawar iska ya zama ba daidai ba. A wannan lokacin, dole ne a kara ramukan samun iska;

Sakamakon koma -baya na kayan shima zai sa farfajiyar aikin da aka zana ya zama mara daidaituwa, kuma a ƙarshe, ya kamata a ƙara tsarin siffa;

Tazarar dake tsakanin raƙuman da keɓaɓɓiyar sifa ta yi yawa don yin wahalar daidaita zane. A wannan lokacin, dole ne a daidaita tazara daidai.