Neman abin mamaki cewa irin waɗannan sassan tsarin jirgin sama suna da sauƙin samar da ɓarna da gauraye sassa yayin aiwatar da kera da haɗuwa, an bincika cikakken tsarin tsarin rigakafin kuskure, kuma an karɓi tsarin ƙira da haɗawa da rarrabe fasali a cikin matakin haɓaka samfur, da matakan ingantawa na gano irin waɗannan samfuran masu sauƙin gauraye ana karɓar su a cikin matakin samarwa da sarrafawa, wanda ke magance irin waɗannan matsalolin yadda yakamata.

A halin yanzu, akwai adadi mai yawa na irin wannansassan tructurala cikin samfuran jirgin sama, wanda ke sauƙaƙa sauƙin samun kuskure da gauraye sassa a cikin tsarin kera, wanda ke haifar da ɓarkewar samfur, wanda ba kawai yana shafar isar da samfura akan jadawalin ba, har ma yana ƙara farashin samfuran kuma yana kawo babban haɗari ga jirgin sama masana'antu. Dangane da adadi mai yawa na samfuran gauraye masu sauƙi a cikin ci gaba da matakan samarwa na kowane nau'in jirgin sama, a ƙarshe an isa cikakken tsarin hanyar tabbatar da kuskure ta hanyar bincike mai yawa.

02
Hanyar hana faruwar irin waɗannan samfuran gauraye masu sauƙi a cikin matakin haɓaka

Yayin aiwatar da bitar aiwatarwa da amincewa a matakin ci gaba, ban da sake duba tsarin, yakamata mu guji bayyanar samfuran iri ɗaya gwargwadon iko kuma mu duba ko an ƙera irin waɗannan samfuran don hana kurakurai. Idan tsarin ya ba da izini, yakamata a ba da shawarar azaman fifiko don haɗa samfuran iri iri masu sauƙi a cikin ƙirar samfurin don rage nau'in samfuran. Lokacin da aka haɗa samfura iri ɗaya masu rikitarwa, har yanzu akwai matsaloli masu rikitarwa da rikitarwa, yakamata a ba da shawarar ƙirar samfurin don rarrabe fasali.

2.1 Hanyar haɗawa

A cikin aiwatar da bita da yarda da aiwatarwa yayin matakin haɓakawa, mai nazarin tsarin yakamata ya rarrabe duk samfuran iri ɗaya masu rikitarwa kuma, ba tare da ya shafi tsarin jiki da haɗuwa ba, nemi ƙirar don haɗa samfuran iri ɗaya masu rikitarwa da ƙoƙarin haɗa su cikin mafi ƙarancin adadin samfura. Abubuwan samfura masu zuwa, buƙatun haɗa samfuran, aro juna.

(1) tsarin ƙira ɗaya, juriya na geometric, wanda ke cikin sassa daban -daban na samfur ɗaya.

(2) Tsarin ƙirar yana da daidaituwa ko m, kuma juriya na geometric shine â ‰ ¤ 1/10 zuwa 1/5 na ƙimar da aka ƙayyade a cikin takaddar haƙuri ta ƙirar.

2.2 Hanyar rarrabe fasali
Lokacin da samfuran iri iri masu sauƙi da sauƙi har yanzu suna kasancewa bayan fifikon amfani da hanyar haɗawa, ana iya rarrabe su ta halaye. Don samfuran kwatankwacinsu masu sauƙin rikitarwa, ana iya saita bambance-bambancen bayyane akan kwatancen sifa (de-cornering, zagaye na ciki/waje, haƙarƙarin tsaye, tab, sag, tsarin rami da matsayin rami/tazara, da sauransu) don rarrabewa.

03
Gano matakin samar da samfura masu kama da sauƙi

A cikin tsarin samarwa, ba shi yiwuwa a rarrabe lokacin da aka sanya irin wannan tsari da samfuran iri a cikin tari, kuma suna da sauƙin rikicewa. Tunda akwai nau'ikan samfura da yawa da matsalolin gudanarwa masu rikitarwa, ana buƙatar haɓaka matakan a matakin samarwa.

3.1 Hanyar gane ramin aiwatarwa

Irin waɗannan samfuran a cikin kowane nau'in jirgin sama suna da kamanceceniya sosai tsakanin irin wannan tsarin, wanda yana da sauƙin haifar da sassan gauraye lokacin sarrafawa. Koyaya, saboda wasu samfuran suna da tsarin tsarin rami a cikin yanki mai tsari a cikin jihar, yayin da wasu samfuran ke da tsarin tsarin rami a cikin jihar taro, don haka ana iya rarrabe tsari tare da taimakon ramuka.

(1) aiwatar da ƙa'idodin zaɓin rami na farko Dole ne a saita ramukan farko a wurare daban -daban don rarrabe kamance. Idan akwai ɓangarori masu daidaituwa na hagu da dama masu kama da sauƙi don haɗa samfuran, ramin aiwatar da samfurin yakamata ya kasance yana da alama don alamar kuskure. Don sauƙaƙewa tsakanin ɓangarori masu daidaituwa, yakamata mu yi ramukan aiwatar da kuskure-kuskure a gefen hagu ko dama na samfuran gauraye masu sauƙi, wanda zai samar da sifa da kanta. Idan sassan daidaituwa na samfuran masu sauƙin haɗawa iri ɗaya suna da sauƙin haɗawa da juna, yakamata a ɗauki ɓangarorin masu daidaituwa a matsayin mutane masu zaman kansu, kuma yakamata a yi ramukan aiwatar da kuskuren bisa ƙa'idar haɗin kai mai tabbatar da kuskure. Ana iya gano samfuran da ke da tsarin ramin hawa ta hanyar hanyoyin ramukan aiwatar da aka riga aka tsara don gano kamannin samfurin; samfuran da ke da ramuka na ƙarshe a cikin jihar da aka gama za a iya sarrafa su, kafin kammala girman rami na ƙarshe da ake buƙata ta tsarin tsarin rami, rami na musamman ko adadin ramuka
(2) Samfuran da ke da tsarin ramin hawa suna gano kamanceceniya ta hanyar prefabricated aiwatar da ramuka na farko samfuran da ke da tsarin tsarin rami a cikin ɓangaren yanki ana iya tabbatar da kuskure ta hanyar yin guda ɗaya ko da yawa aiwatar da ramukan farko tare da ramin rami
Misali, tarin samfura tare da ramukan hawa, ramin ramin ƙarshe shine fa. n. Sauran ramukan (N-n) an yi su da ramin diamita fa ko fc (c

Hoto 1: Hanyar tabbatar da kuskure na samfuran da aka tsara tare da ramuka

(3) Babu samfuran tsarin rami mai hawa ta ramin farko da aka riga aka ƙera don gano kamanin samfuri Kawai a cikin yanayin taro na samfurin yana cikin tsarin tsarin rami (watau ramukan rivet), a cikin yanayin ɓangaren ana iya prefabricated a ɗaya ko da yawa ramin rami
1) Cire ƙimar daidaiton cibiyar rami (na ramin farko da aka riga aka tsara).

(2) Yin amfani da matsakaici (kamar matsayin samarwa) don canja wurin cibiyar rami ta daidaita ƙimar da daidaita aikin kowane sashi.

(3) Ƙirƙiri ƙirar ƙirar tsari (dangane da haɗin gwiwar cibiyar rami da ƙirar lambar samfur) azaman tushe don kera samfuran iri tare da ramukan farko na rivet.

(4) ƙa'idar lambar ƙirar ƙirar tsari: lambar zana samfur + sigar samfurin + GS + sigar ƙirar ƙirar tsari. Misali, tarin samfura ba tare da hawa ramuka a cikin jihar ba, irin wannan tsarin, sassan daidaituwa sun gauraya. A cikin ɓangaren yanki don samfur guda ɗaya da aka zaɓa n (1 â ‰ ¤ n â ‰ ¤ N, N shine adadin ramukan hawa a cikin jihar taro) ramukan da aka saita azaman ramukan aiwatar da kuskure, diamita ramin shine fd (d < e, e shine diamita na ramukan hawa a cikin jihar taro). Sauran ramukan (N - n), waɗanda aka yi da diamita ramin f ko kamar yadda ake buƙata diamita ramin f f (f

Hoto na 2: Hanyar tabbatar da kuskure na samfurin ba tare da tsarin rami a cikin jihar ba

3.2 Hanyar rarrabewa

Ƙungiyar masana'antun tana yin tsarin jadawalin da ya dace gwargwadon jeri na ɓangarori masu kama/daidaituwa, kuma yana sanya su cikin samarwa cikin lokaci da ƙungiyoyi don rarrabewa.

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Ana amfani da hanyoyi daban -daban na rarrabewa don gano samfura masu kama da rikicewa

4.1 Hanyar rarrabewa taurin kai (kawai don samfuran ƙarfe)

Hanyar rarrabewa taurin yana amfani da wurin ko yankin da aka samar da shigar yayin gwajin taurin samfuran ƙarfe (ba a rufe murfin ƙasa da rufi) don rarrabe tsakanin wurare daban -daban na gwajin taurin don samfuran haɗe -haɗe, wanda za'a iya bayyana a sarari a cikin umarnin sarrafawa/hanyoyin sarrafawa ta ma'aikatan aiwatarwa. Zaɓin wuraren gwajin taurin dole ne ya kasance daidai da buƙatun takaddun taurin. Za a aiwatar da gwajin masu taurin kai da masu duba su cikin tsananin bin umarnin/hanyoyin sarrafawa.

4.2 Hanyar nuna alamar dindindin

(1) alamar alamar dindindin Idan samfur ɗin yana ba da damar ƙullewa da alamar raƙuman ruwa, ana iya yin alamar raƙuman ruwa da madaidaiciya a cikin yankin da aka ƙera samfurin nan da nan bayan an ƙera, kamar yin alamar alkalami mai girgizawa, alamomin raɗaɗi da ƙarfin ƙarfe. alamomi da sauran ramuka da alamomin da ba za a iya rufe su ko kawar da su ta hanyoyin da ke gaba ba.

(2) Alamu na dindindin masu cirewa Idan ba a ba da izinin dindindin ba, ana iya yin alamar dindindin ta hanyar ƙarin shafuka na aiwatarwa ko lugs na aiwatarwa, waɗanda za a cire kuma a sake fentin su kamar yadda ake buƙata kafin isar da ƙarshen ɓangaren.

Shagon zai ƙayyade tsari da wurin shafuka na aiwatarwa ko shagunan aiwatarwa, kuma kowane ɗayan ɓangarorin na iya samun duka ko ɗaya daga cikin zaɓaɓɓuntsarian ƙara shafuka ko lugs masu aiki.